This study reviewed whether frailty and sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass) affect outcomes for older adults admitted to acute medical units (AMUs). Researchers analysed 16 studies out of 1,659 identified articles. They found that both frailty and sarcopenia were linked to worse outcomes for these patients. However, targeted interventions seemed to improve patient outcomes. The study suggests that screening for frailty and sarcopenia could be beneficial for older adults admitted to AMUs, but further research is needed before implementing these screenings in clinical practice.

Abstract

Background/objectives

A systematic review was conducted to assess if frailty and sarcopenia were associated with poorer outcomes in older adults admitted to an acute medical unit (AMU).

Methods

Eligible studies included older adults with an unplanned admission to an AMU and included a measure of frailty or sarcopenia, completed within 72 hours of admission. Risk of bias was assessed.

Results

Of 1659 identified articles, 16 were included (4 on sarcopenia and 12 on frailty). There was significant study heterogeneity. Overall, frailty and sarcopenia were associated with worse outcomes. Targeted interventions appeared to improve outcomes.

Conclusion

Current evidence suggests some benefit in screening older adults admitted to an AMU for frailty and sarcopenia. However, further studies are required before clinical adoption.

Authors: V Kamwa , A Seccombe , E Sapey